智学网整理了2020中考英语语法常识之19种修辞手法，期望对同学们有所帮助，仅供参考。
英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部讲解和例句
语中所有19种修辞手法的全部讲解和例句，英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部讲解和例句：Simile明喻、metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比, 平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。快来学习吧!
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是将具备共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于大家的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
比如:
1.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2.metaphor 隐喻,暗喻
隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名字用于另一事物,通过比较形成.
比如:
1.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻
借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而用另一个与之有关的事物名字.
I.以容器代替内容,比如:
1.The kettle boils. 水开了.
2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.
II.以资料.工具代替事物的名字,比如:
Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.
III.以作者代替作品,比如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
VI.以具体事物代替抽象定义,比如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
比如:
1.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.
他的厂里约有100名工人.
2.He is the Newton of this century.
他是本世纪的牛顿.
3.The fox goes very well with your cap.
这狐皮围脖与你的帽子非常合适.
5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉
这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉交流起来，借联想引起感觉转移，以感觉写感觉。
通感方法的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术成效。譬如：赏析建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的步伐;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又譬如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。
比如:
1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.
2.Taste the music of Mozart.
品尝Mozart的音乐.
6.Personification 拟人
拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.
比如:
1.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.
2.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.
7.Hyperbole 夸张
夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加大语势,增加表达成效..
比如:
1.I beg a thousand pardons.
2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
3.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思有关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.
比如:
1.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
2.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.
9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法
婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的办法表达粗恶,避讳的话.
比如:
1.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去便捷一下.
2.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与老婆关系不融洽.
3.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.
10.Allegory 讽喻,比方
打造在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的意思。
英文讲解：an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive re百度竞价推广blances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学习英语课程》一书
这是一种来自于希腊文的修辞法,意为换个方法的说法.它是一种形象的描述,具备双重性,表层含义与真的意味的是两回事.
比如:
1.Make the hay while the sun shines.
表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草
真的意味：趁热打铁
2.Its time to turn plough into sword.
表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑
11.Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方法.如在指责过失.错误时,用同意过失的说法,而在表彰时,则近乎责难的说法.
比如:
1.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上没时间观念还真是一件好事啊
2Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. the waiter said to the beggar.
12.Pun 双关
双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种讲解,拐弯抹角,从而达到意料之外的幽默.滑稽成效.它主要以一样的词形.词意和谐音的方法出现.
比如:
1.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.
2.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.
3.If we dont hang together, we shall hang separately.
13.Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词汇,从而使其产生新意的修辞.
比如:
1.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.
2.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
3.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.
14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到回话为目的,而是以疑问为方法,获得修辞上的成效,其特征是:一定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的一定.它的答案总是是不言而喻的.
比如:
1.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶
这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一块对比的一种修辞办法.
比如:
1.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.
2.You are staying; I am going.
3.Give me liberty, or give me death.
16.Paradox 隽语
这是一种貌似矛盾,但包括肯定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法..
比如:
1.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达
2.The child is the father to the man.三岁看大，四岁看老。
17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻
这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特点形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的意思.
比如:
1.No light, but rather darkness visible.没光亮，黑暗却明确可见
2.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.
18.Climax 渐进法,层进法
这种修辞是将一系列词汇根据意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,渐渐加深读者印象.
比如:
1.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
2.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.
19.Anticlimax 渐降法
与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词汇由大到小,由强到弱地排列.
比如:
1.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.
2.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
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